Review of Tikanga unit standards

Field Māori

Review of Tikanga unit standards

This review report was first published in December 2010 and was republished in May 2011 to include the table showing the impact on organisations with consent to assess and the extensions required to mitigate the changes made as a result of the review of the standards listed below.

Subfield	Domain	ID
Tikanga	Tikanga Concepts	16159-16161, 16163-16201, 16203-16209, 19624-19627
	Tikanga Issues	16126-16131
	Tikanga Practices	16136-16153,16155-16157

NZQA Māori Qualifications Services (MQS) has completed the review of the unit standards listed above.

Date new version of report published May 2011

Date new versions published December 2010

Planned review date December 2015

Summary of review and consultation process

The standards were reviewed to ensure that they were fit for purpose and the outcomes were achievable, manageable, coherent, assessable and consistent with valid assessment practices.

The Whakaruruhau Tikanga met over the following periods: 13 and 14 August 2009, 9 and 10 September 2009, 14 and 15 October 2009, 9 and 10 December 2009 and 17-19 February 2010. The Whakaruruhau considered feedback in finalising the unit standards. There were a number of issues identified with the reviewed standards and these were addressed within the consultation process.

The Whakaruruhau considered the complex nature and specialist knowledge required in the review of each standard. This made for a very challenging process complicated by the following factors:

· A high degree of analysis and discussion required for each standard to ensure that the 'ngako' (essence) and/or iwi variations of tikanga were captured.

· Me whai i te whakaaro Māori. Me hoatu wairua Māori i roto i wēnei.

· Kei te noho makariri.

· Very clinical.

· Partial translation across the levels.

· No consistency of progression across the levels.

· No rhythm or rhyme to the kaupapa/theme types of unit standards.

· Inflated levels and credits.

· No high level qualifications to pathway into.

· Very few lower level standards.

· Kaupapa/themes too broad and too vast.

The Whakaruruhau and consultation networks included representation from all core client groups, secondary, tertiary, private training establishments, wānanga, and open wānanga. Consultation with internal and external stakeholders raised no objections to the outcomes of this review. The expiry of the unit standards listed below was endorsed by all those consulted.

Main changes resulting from the review

· Decrease in levels to provide accessibility for schools and other providers and to show a clearer progression between the standards.

· Increase in credits to account for the teaching and learning requirements of the standards.

· A significant number of standards were designated expiring and will not be replaced (review category D). This action was prompted by the following:

o The majority of the standards have nil or low usage over the last 5 years

o The majority of these standards are at the higher levels and there are no qualifications available that contain the standards

o Inflated credits and levels.

· Some standards were replaced (review category C) due to the major changes made to the content of the standards (see below).

· Entry information across all standards is open.

Unit standards categorised as category C or D expire at the end of December 2012

Impact on existing organisations with consent to assess

Current consent for			Consent extended to
Nature of consent	Classification or ID	Level	Nature of consent	Classification or ID	Level
Standard	16159	1	Standard	27105	1
	16163	3		27106	1
	16164	4		27107	2
	16166	2		27108	1
	16168	4		27109	2
	16185	6		27123	3

Impact on Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR)

All standards at Levels 1-3 have been registered on CMR 0226. All standards at Level 4 and above have been registered on CMR 0166.

Impact on registered qualifications

Qualifications that contain the reviewed standards or classifications are tabled below.

Key to type of impact

Affected

The qualification lists a reviewed classification (domain or subfield) in an elective set

The qualification lists a standard that has changes to level or credits

The qualification lists a C or D category standard

Not materially affected

The qualification lists a standard that has a new title

The qualification lists a standard that has a new classification

The following MQS qualifications are affected by the outcome of this review and will be either revised or reviewed in 2012.

Ref	Qualification Title	ID
1077	National Certificate in Tourism Māori (Level 4)	16168
1165	National Certificate in Marae Catering (Level 2)	16136-16139, 16160, 16165
1432	National Certificate in Māori Management - Generic (Whakangahu ki Te Ao Māori - Workplace Practices) (Level 3)	16166, 19624, 19625

The following qualifications are also affected by the outcome of this review. The standard setting bodies (SSBs) have been advised that they require revision.

Ref	Qualification Title	ID	SSB Name
0929	National Diploma in Human Services (Level 5)	16163, 16185	Community Support Services ITO Limited
0953	National Diploma in Public Sector Māori with strands in Management, Policy Advice, and Service Delivery	16164, 16168	Learning State Limited
1374	National Certificate in Cadet Forces (Foundation Skills) (Level 2)	16166	Learning State Limited

Review Categories and changes to classification, title, level, and credits

All changes are in bold.

Key to review category
A	Dates changed, but no other changes are made - the new version of the standard carries the same ID and a new version number
B	Changes made, but the overall outcome remains the same - the new version of the standard carries the same ID and a new version number
C	Major changes that necessitate the registration of a replacement standard with a new ID
D	Standard will expire and not be replaced

Māori > Tikanga > Tikanga Concepts

ID	Title	Level	Credit	Review Category
16159 27105	Describe te whānau ā Ranginui rāua ko Papatūānuku and associated key events Describe and explain the separation of Ranginui and Papatūānuku in accordance with tikanga	1 1	2 2	C
16160	Describe the activities and characteristics of a selected atua Describe the actions and characteristics of a selected atua in accordance with tikanga	2 1	2 3	B
16161	Describe life in Hawaiki and ngā hekenga Describe the migration from Hawaiki and initial settlement of Aotearoa in accordance with tikanga	2 1	4 3	B
16163 27106	Demonstrate knowledge of the use of whakapapa Describe the terms connected with whakapapa and use terms within one's own whakapapa	3 1	2 2	C
16164 27107	Describe key concepts associated with hui Identify and explain distinguishing features determined by the kaupapa of a hui in accordance with tikanga	4 2	4 3	C
16165	Demonstrate knowledge of types of hui Describe a hui and the roles associated with hui in accordance with tikanga	2 1	2	B
16166 27108	Explain key concepts and practices associated with pōwhiri Describe the protocols and roles associated with pōwhiri in accordance with tikanga	2 1	2 2	C
16167	Describe a hāhi Māori Describe the establishment and main characteristics of hāhi Māori in accordance with tikanga	4 3	4 3	B
16168 27109	Describe colonisation and its effects on Māori values, beliefs and practices Describe early colonisation and its effects on Māori social structure in accordance with tikanga	4 2	4 3	C
16169 27110	Explain a Māori version of te tīmatanga o te ao Explain the creation of the world and analyse the influence on tikanga	5 3	2 3	C
16170	Demonstrate knowledge of the different kinds of atua	5	4	D
16171	Demonstrate knowledge of Io	5	2	D
16172	Explain te whānau a Ranginui rāua ko Papatūānuku	5	4	D
16173 27111	Explain the life and deeds of Tāne and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Tāne and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16174 27112	Explain the life and deeds of Tāwhirimātea and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Tāwhirimātea and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16175 27113	Explain the life and deeds of Tūmatauenga and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Tūmatauenga and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16176 27114	Explain the life and deeds of Rongo and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Rongomātāne and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16177 27115	Explain the life and deeds of Tangaroa and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Tangaroa and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16178 27116	Explain the life and deeds of Haumia and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Haumiatiketike and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16179 27117	Explain the life and deeds of Rūaumoko and analyse their impact on kaupapa Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Rūaumoko and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	2 2	C
16180 27118	Explain the effects of the life and deeds of Māui on te ao Māori Explain the deeds and roles of Māui and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	4 2	C
16181 27119	Describe and explain the life and deeds of an atua rongonui Explain the deeds and roles of a selected atua and how these have influenced iwi	5 4	4 2	C
16182 27120	Demonstrate knowledge of whānau, hapū or iwi atua and kaitiaki Describe and explain beliefs held by whānau, hapū and iwi pertaining to kaitiaki	5 3	2 2	C
16183 27121	Demonstrate knowledge of atua who personify aspects of the environment Describe and compare environmental features and atua using human characteristics in accordance with tikanga	5 3	2 2	C
16184 27122	Explain a version of ngā hekenga mai i Hawaiiki, and analyse impacts on te ao Māori Describe a migration from Hawaiki and a landing in Aotearoa in accordance with tikanga	7 2	2 2	C
16185 27123	Explain whakapapa, its use and impact on kaupapa Māori Identify and explain whakapapa	6 3	4 4	C
16186 27124	Explain and analyse the concepts of whānau, hapū and iwi Identify and explain the concepts of whānau, hapū and iwi in accordance with tikanga	6 4	4 2	C
16187 27125	Explain Māori social structures Describe post-colonisation and the effects on Māori	6 3	4 3	C
16188 27126	Explain pūrākau, their use and effects on kaupapa Māori Describe, and explain the purpose of, pūrākau within te ao Māori	6 2	2 2	C
16189 27127	Explain pakiwaitara, their use and effects on kaupapa Māori Describe, and explain the purpose of, pakiwaitara within Te Ao Māori	6 2	2 2	C
16190	Explain mōteatea, their use and significance for kaupapa Māori	6	4	D
16191	Explain and analyse whakatauki, their use and significance for kaupapa Māori	6	2	D
16192 27128	Analyse Christianity's effects on kaupapa Māori Describe and explain the impact of Christianity on Māori society in accordance with tikanga	6 2	4 2	C
16193	Analyse and explain hāhi established by Māori	6	2	D
16194 27129	Explain the concept and use of karakia Describe and explain the use of karakia in accordance with tikanga	5 2	2 2	C
16195	Explain the concept and interpretations of tangata whenua or hunga kāinga	7	2	D
16196	Explain tapu and noa and their effects on kaupapa Māori	7	2	D
16197	Explain wairua and its effects on kaupapa Māori	7	2	D
16198	Explain and analyse concepts associated with hinengaro	7	2	D
16199	Explain and analyse mauri and its effect on kaupapa Māori	7	2	D
16200	Explain and analyse mana and its effect on kaupapa Māori	7	2	D
16201	Explain ora and hauora and implications for kaupapa Māori	7	2	D
16203	Explain the concepts of hau, muru, utu and hara and their implications	7	2	D
16204	Explain attitudes and concepts associated with moe wahine or moe tāne	6	2	D
16205	Explain and analyse the impact of Māori concepts of time and space on kaupapa Māori	7	2	D
16206	Explain Māori concepts related to te whānau marama i te rangi	7	2	D
16207	Analyse Māori structures and approaches to the teaching of knowledge	8	10	D
16208	Compare and contrast kaupapa Māori with kaupapa from other cultures	8	10	D
16209	Conduct research into kaupapa Māori	8	45	D
19624	Describe a pakiwaitara	3	4	D
19625	Describe a pūrākau	3	4	D
19626	Describe the use of mōteatea	3	4	D
19627	Describe the use of whakataukī	3	4	D

Māori > Tikanga > Tikanga Issues

ID	Title	Level	Credit	Review Category
16126	Research the impact of colonisation on the application of kaupapa, take and tikanga Māori	8	45	D
16127	Research the issues associated with the roles of men and women in relation to tikanga and kawa Māori	8	45	D
16128	Research the impact of urbanisation on tikanga and kawa in relation to hui Māori	8	45	D
16129	Research the impact of intellectual and cultural property rights issues on tikanga and kawa Māori	8	45	D
16130	Research the impact of the use of kaupapa and tikanga Māori in the New Zealand legal system	8	45	D
16131	Research issues associated with the reconstruction and invention of kaupapa and tikanga Māori	8	45	D

Māori > Tikanga > Tikanga Practices

ID	Title	Level	Credit	Review Category
16136	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices in relation to hui mārena at a local marae	3	6	D
16137	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices in relation to hui huritau	3	6	D
16138	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices in relation to huinga hāhi	3	6	D
16139	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices in relation to kingitanga hui Describe and explain a kīngitanga hui in accordance with tikanga	3	6 3	B
16140	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices in relation to huinga kawanga whare	4	10	D
16141	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices in relation to huinga kotahitanga	4	10	D
16142	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices associated with whakaeke Describe and explain the rituals associated with whakaeke in accordance with tikanga	4 2	10 2	B
16143	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices associated with whakatau	4	10	D
16144	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices associated with whakapiri	4	10	D
16145 27130	Explain customary Māori marriage kawa and tikanga practices Describe customary Māori marriage practices and their evolution up to the present day	5 3	8 3	C
16146	Explain kawa and tikanga practices associated with the recognition of Māori marriage	5	8	D
16147	Explain social and economic aspects of customary and contemporary Māori marriage kawa and tikanga	5	15	D
16148	Explain kawa and tikanga practices in relation to whānau Māori	5	15	D
16149	Explain tikanga and kawa in relation to whakapapa recital	5	15	D
16150	Carry out tikanga and kawa in relation to whakapapa recital	6	20	D
16151	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices associated with whāngai tamariki	4	10	D
16152	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices associated with ngā whare Māori	4	10	D
16153	Demonstrate knowledge of kawa and tikanga practices associated with moemoeā and matakite	4	10	D
16155	Demonstrate knowledge of tikanga and kawa karakia	4	10	D
16156	Research and recite customary karakia in accordance with kawa and tikanga practices	8	45	D
16157	Recite contemporary karakia in accordance with tikanga and kawa practices	6	20	D